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Claude McKay
poet, novelist, short story writer
photo by James L. Allen
Claude McKay is regarded as one of the first significant writers of the
Harlem Renaissance. Born in Jamaica, he arrived in the United States in
1912 at the age of 21 and had already gained recognition as a poet with
his book Songs of Jamaica, published in 1911. He attended Tuskegee
Institute and Kansas State University, then traveled to New York and participated
in the literary movements there, both in Harlem and in Greenwich Village.
His sonnet, "If We Must Die," is his most popular poem. He earned his
living as a porter on the railroad and was a resident of Harlem. His book
of poems, Harlem Shadows, published in 1922, was a precursor to
the Harlem Renaissance. He also became associate editor of The Liberator,
a socialist magazine of art and literature. Working closely with Max Eastman,
he traveled to Moscow in 1923 in sympathy with the Bolshevik Revolution
and became a sort of national hero there. Other books by Claude McKay
include Banjo, Harlem: Negro Metropolis, and his autobiography,
A Long Way From Home. Home to Harlem, published in the spring
of 1928, became the first novel by a Harlem writer to reach the bestseller
list.
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